Vol-8 Number-4 October 2023
Chief Editor: Vijay Kumar
Publisher: National Trust for Promotion of Knowledge, Lucknow
Mode of Publication: Online (e-Journal)
This article by Md. Tarique Rasool gives the details of three inscriptions found from Asti, an important city in Wardha. This was an important administrative centre and during the reign of Akbar, it was governed by Nawab Mohammad Khan Niyazi and his son Nawab Ahmad Khan Niyazi. Ahmad Khan Niyazi continued as Mansabdar & Jagirdar in Mughal court during the reign of Jahangir as Pargana his ancestral property.
This article by Mohammad Amir Khan, Dr. Mohd. Arshad Ameen and Ar. Dania Irshad is about the Calligraphy during the Mughal period which has been considered an essential art form and architectural element used in Mughal Architecture. The calligraphy practiced during the Mughal period finds its significance as other figurative art forms were discouraged due to the religious perspective of Islam and were not promoted as architectural elements or features in practice. Analysis of the techniques and materials used in developing calligraphic arts in Mughal Architecture shows that calligraphy has both qualitative and quantitative aspects and values, which lead to understanding of the development of calligraphic art in terms of technical aspects. The parameters for evaluating the quantitative aspect are scales and proportions used in different Mughal buildings during Akbar & Jahangir periods. There are various typology of calligraphy, materials and techniques, and Quranic verses used for the purpose of calligraphic inscriptions
This article by Dr. Nilkamal Singha & Susmita Bhuyan is about the Assam located in the northeastern part of India and which was frequented by adherents of various denominations of Indic cultures since antiquity. Buddhism and Saivism were the first to enter Assam. During the 6th -7th century Saivism became popular and followers of various sects of Saivism also frequented Assam and established their shrines and monasteries. The numerous Saivite temples of Assam remained points of attraction for the sanyasis and yogis. The later emergence and popularity of Shaktism only strengthened the Saivism and its sects. The sanyasis and the jogis who were mostly adherents of Saivism and Shaktism frequently visited Kamarupa and Kamakhya for attaining siddhis. However later yogis became an agricultural caste. The present article attempts to trace the antiquity of Yogis in Assam based on historical documents and archaeological assemblages from Assam State Museum (ASM) and Directorate of Archaeology, Assam (DoA) in retrograde manner.
This article by Nishikanta Dwibedi gives the information about the region of Baitarani Valley which famous for its remarkable antiquities and religious sanctuaries in the northern part of Odisha. On the basis of extant archaeological remains, the Baitarani Valley can be considered as a major store-house of cultural-heritage in Odisha. This valley sheltered many religious sects of India like Buddhism, Jainism, Shaivism, Vaishnavism and Tantricism etc. as evident from the availability of stone sculptural remains associated with different religions. A large number of images of various sects were noticed in the different parts of Baitarani Valley. The present work gives the detailed description of some of the Brahminical Hindu Vaishnavite sculptures found from Panchugochhia village and a Khasarpana Lokeswara Boddhisatva sculpture found from Kaliambo village in the Hatadihi Block of Keonjhar district. All the extant images of Baitarani valley are made by the artists of Kalinga School in Eastern India.
This article by Dr. Amar Singh gives the evolution of decorations and sculptural embellishments from pre-Gupta period through Gupta, pre-medieval to medieval period. The temples of these period show the evolved form of classical Mathura tradition. Later on, this style extended to greater part of northern India covering Rajasthan, Uttar Pradesh, Haryana and lower Himalayan ranges. As the architecture evolved, the jagati, vedibandha, jangha, verandica & shikhara attained more complex and diverse forms, as we move from Gupta period to late medieval period. The simple door-jambs of Gupta temples evolved and the shakhas became five and more in numbers. Sukanasa appeared above the antral of the temples during Pratihar period. Pillars also became more elaborately decorated the low relief carvings transforming into stenciled designs. The samtal vitanas of early Gupta temples evolved into nine types of complex 3-dimensional ceilings. The shikhara evolved from pyramidal Gupta form to Nagar & Bhumija types. Some temples had elaborate toranas in front of the temples. The toranas also evolved from simple Sanchi type toranas to multiple looped and elaborately carved toranas.
This article by Vijay Kumar is the catalogue of total 819 terracotta antiquities kept in Government Museum Mathura Museum district Mathura U.P. The catalogue includes Mauryan, Shunga, Kushan, Gupta, Medieval and Modern terracotta antiquities.
This article by Ahongsangbam Kingson Singh & Prof. Oinam Ranjit Singh studies the prehistoric archaeology of Manipur, a hitherto lesser-explored terrain. From the context of archaeological research, this region, where South Asia, Southeast Asia, and East Asia converge, holds significant interest. The present study is a humble attempt to reinvestigate the nature of the palaeolithic archaeological sites, its lithic assemblages, their affinity and cognitive assessment of the early hominids of Manipur. Exploring Palaeolithic era of Manipur, the article examines lithic tools from sites like Songbu (Cave site), Khangkhui (Cave site), Nongpok Kelthelmanbi (River terrace site), Singtom (River terrace site) and Machi (Open air site). These artifacts show some regional similarities in tool making tradition with that of East and South East Asian palaeolithic sites offering insights into early hominids’ cognitive abilities through the intentional shaping of tools and behavioral adaptations revealing their problem-solving abilities in an evolving landscape of the Pleistocene and early Holocene epoch. The presence of charred remains from the Kangkhui Cave site suggest deliberate use of fire, reflecting their mastery over environment.
Vikas Kumar Singh, Manisha Singh, A. K. Pandey, C. L. Pandey, Sudarshan Chakradhari, Sunil Kumar Singh, Brij Mohan, Abhay Pratap Singh, Urvashi Singh, Anisha Singh, Dhananjay Kumar and Ravindra Nath Singh
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