This article by Aparna Dwivedi and Niraj Rai is about Burzahom a unique archaeological site in Kashmir, India demonstrates successive transitions from the Neolithic era, to the Megalithic era, to the early historic period in south Asia. There is evidence of cultural interactions between this site and neighbouring regions such as Central Asia and the rest of South Asia. This study is the first attempt to characterise the genetic ancestry of individuals from Burzahom through ancient DNA analysis. Neolithic sample was dated using Accelerator Mass Spectrometry to 1928 BCE, while a Megalithic sample to 563 AD. These individuals were assigned to mitochondrial haplogroups M65a and U2b haplogroups, common in south Asia presently. Haplogroup U2b has been found previously in an ancient individual from the Harappan site of Rakhigarhi, India. This study represents one of the oldest ancient genomic datasets from South Asia so far and is a milestone for ancient DNA analysis in the Indian as well as broader south Asian context.